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In the given scenario, Mr. H who is a thirty-seven-year-old male with a known history of unprotected homosexual sex with men and no recorded history of an HIV test within the past six years related to being in a stable relationship developed an unusual type of cancer known as, Kaposi sarcoma. Given that Mr. H’s viral load was “substantial” and had diminished levels of CD4+ T cell counts at 180 cells/microliter, he is more than likely in stage III defined as AIDS determined by CD4+ T cell count of <200 cells/microliter (McHance & Huether, 2019). Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is mainly associated with immunosuppression among individuals living with HIV (Luo et al., 2021). Rate of KS are higher among males in comparison to females and in younger age groups from aged 35-49 years (Luo et al., 2021). Luo et al. (2021) reviewed cases of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) from thirty-six cancer registries in the US from 2008-2016 from ages 20-59 years old. The authors noted that an increase in younger age groups may be a result of lack of control over immunosuppression due to late HIV diagnosis or possibly delayed treatment with active antiretroviral therapy (ART) (Luo et al., 2021)
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